Thursday, September 11, 2025
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From Crumbs to Connections: Minnesota’s Broadband Future
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The Federal Communications Commission ordered seven phone companies to repay over $9 million to the Universal Service Fund after audits discovered overpayments of federal support. In doing so, the FCC’s Wireline Competition Bureau largely affirmed the findings of non-compliance by the Universal Service Administrative Company for these legacy rate-of-return carriers and ordered the support recovery. The complex regulatory and auditing processes associated with these legacy programs often lead to inefficiencies that can be avoided as the FCC increasingly works with carriers to transition them to more efficient fixed support alternatives and from circuit-switched to modern IP networks.

When it comes to federal efforts to close the digital divide, Minnesota has been left behind. Program after program has promised transformational change—yet time and again, your communities are still waiting. But Minnesota has the power—and the track record—to build its own broadband future. Federal broadband programs have failed the state. They promised a feast and delivered crumbs. In the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund, ISPs defaulted on 80% of more than $400,000,000 in state RDOF funds and on 78% of the over 142,000 RDOF locations. In the Broadband Equity, Access and Deployment Program, 22,000 out of 76,000 eligible locations received no bids at all, because ten fiber providers dropped out rather than play a rigged game. Of the remaining locations in the state, just 58% will get fiber, while approximately 25% will get satellite and 17% fixed wireless. Let’s be clear: the latter two aren’t long-term solutions. Satellite is expensive, congested, and limited. Fixed wireless can’t keep up with the demands of advanced applications. And for nearly a third of BEAD-eligible Minnesota households, there is no solution. But Minnesota doesn’t need to wait. Minnesota knows how to help itself. The path forward is community broadband. Cities like Willmar. Coalitions like Southwest Broadband. Counties like Dakota and Scott. These aren’t dreams. They are models, ready to be replicated across the state. Because broadband is not just infrastructure—it’s opportunity. It’s fairness. It’s security. And it’s the foundation for the communities we dare to imagine. If Minnesota communities want to close its digital divide once and for all, they can’t wait for Washington. They have to do it for themselves. And the good news is—they can.
[Gigi Sohn is the Executive Director of the American Association for Public Broadband and the Benton Senior Fellow and Public Advocate.]

CTIA - The Wireless Association released its 2025 Annual Survey. Highlights include:
- Wireless Data Use Surges: Americans used 132 trillion megabytes of data in 2024, shattering the 100 trillion megabytes record set in 2023. This record amount of data was driven by a 32 trillion MB year-over-year increase, the single largest jump in U.S. history.
- Wireless Investment Fuels 5G Network Growth: The mobile industry invests tens of billions of dollars every year building, upgrading, and maintaining wireless networks, and have averaged over $30 billion annually over the entire decade.
- Americans Flock to 5G: Wireless is integral to the fabric of modern society, driving unprecedented growth as they connect more people and devices. In 2024, U.S. wireless connections grew again, now reaching 579 million—that’s 1.7 connections for every person. 5G devices now make up nearly half of these connections, up from 39 percent the previous year.

SpaceX recently inked a deal with EchoStar to buy $17 billion worth of AWS-4 and H-block spectrum to connect cell phones directly to satellites. Conveniently (for us), Musk appeared at the All-In Summit, which featured other business leaders like Mark Cuban, that took place in Los Angeles this week. Video of Musk's appearance was uploaded to the YouTube channel of the All-In Podcast. The spectrum purchase signifies a long-term deal, he acknowledged, as the phones that support the frequencies that SpaceX is buying likely won’t be shipping for about two years. Chipsets need to be modified to accommodate the spectrum—and the satellites that use these frequencies also need to be launched. Is his vision to—eventually—build a phone that just works anywhere and everywhere? That could be one option. “To be clear, we’re not going to put the other carriers out of business. They’re still going to be around. They own a lot of spectrum,” he said.

SETDA published its fourth annual State EdTech Trends Report, offering a look at the evolving priorities and challenges facing K-12 education technology leaders across the country. The report comes at a pivotal time. Pandemic-era relief funds have expired, budgets are tightening, and states are reshaping policy priorities while charting the future of digital learning. For the first time, AI surpassed cybersecurity as the top state edtech priority. Key findings of the report include:
- AI Rises to #1 Priority: AI ranked as both the leading state edtech priority and the top state initiative. States are moving quickly on guidance, professional learning, policy frameworks, and some are bringing AI experts directly into their agencies.
- Funding Gaps Widen: With Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief funds gone, states face steep challenges sustaining pandemic-era investments. Only 6 percent of respondents reported having durable funding plans in place for ongoing edtech work, down from 27 percent in 2024.
- Devices & Student Well-Being: States are debating classroom device use, ranging from outright bans to investments in digital citizenship and healthy technology strategies.
- Professional Learning Still a Struggle: Educator training remains a critical but unmet need—especially around the effective and safe use of AI in classrooms.
- Cybersecurity Remains Critical: Even as AI takes the spotlight, state leaders stress that cybersecurity requires sustained focus and infrastructure investment.

Tech giants like Microsoft, Google, Amazon, and Meta have spent more than $100 billion on data center construction just this summer, and data centers are expected to pass total US consumer spending as the driving force of the US economy this year. Big Tech is marketing these projects as “progress,” but a new report reveals how Southern communities are getting shorted. MediaJustice is proud to launch The People Say No: Resisting Data Centers in the South, our newest groundbreaking report revealing how tech corporations are quietly draining the South—economically and environmentally. This is the first comprehensive, regional analysis of data centers in the South, with original research and case studies from Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Georgia, and South Carolina.

Senate Commerce Committee Chairman Ted Cruz (R-TX) released a legislative framework designed to promote American leadership in artificial intelligence. The framework outlines five pillars to guide Congressional efforts on AI policy and proposes a light-touch regulatory strategy to make safe AI deployment easier in the United States while protecting against emerging risks. As part of the pillar’s first step, “Unleash American Innovation and Long-Term Growth,” Sen. Cruz is introducing the Strengthening Artificial Intelligence Normalization and Diffusion By Oversight and eXperimentation, or SANDBOX Act. The bill creates a regulatory “sandbox,” a policy endorsed by President Trump’s AI Action Plan, that gives AI developers space to test and launch new AI technologies without being held back by outdated or inflexible federal rules. This bill includes safeguards to mitigate against health, public safety, or fraud risks. Under the bill, AI deployers and developers would apply to modify or waive regulations that could impede their work. The Office of Science and Technology Policy would coordinate across federal agencies to evaluate requests under their purview. Congress would collect regular reports on how often rules were waived or modified to better inform future policy decisions and the regulatory structure applicable to AI. The SANDBOX Act would encourage American ingenuity, improve transparency in lawmaking, and ultimately lead to safe, long-term AI usage domestically.

In April 2025, President Trump signed an Executive Order to create new educational and workforce development opportunities for America’s youth to gain interest and expertise in AI technology from an early age and enable the U.S. to maintain global dominance in the AI revolution. Here are some of the organizations that have committed to providing resources for AI education among America’s youth:
- Google will offer every American high school and their students, teachers and staff access to Gemini for Education for free. This includes our best AI, Gemini 2.5 Pro, plus tools like Guided Learning and Notebook LM.
- Code.org will develop and scale a new free, open-source high school course focused on AI, reaching 400,000 US high school students annually by the 2028-29 school year.
- Zoom will commit $5 million over three years in support of K–12 education through a series of multi-year grants. This initiative aims to empower the next generation of learners, educators, and workers by equipping them with critical skills for an AI-driven future.

The Department of Commerce’s National Telecommunications and Information Administration announced that Renee Gordon departed the FirstNet Authority Board on September 8, 2025, following the conclusion of her three-year term. Gordon, the Director of Emergency and Customer Communications with the City of Alexandria, Va., was appointed to the FirstNet Authority Board in 2022. Since January 2025, Gordon served as the Acting Board Chair. Following Gordon’s departure, Sheriff Michael A. Adkinson, Jr., the FirstNet Authority Board Acting Vice Chair, will perform the duties of the Acting Board Chair.
Benton (www.benton.org) provides the only free, reliable, and non-partisan daily digest that curates and distributes news related to universal broadband, while connecting communications, democracy, and public interest issues. Posted Monday through Friday, this service provides updates on important industry developments, policy issues, and other related news events. While the summaries are factually accurate, their sometimes informal tone may not always represent the tone of the original articles. Headlines are compiled by Kevin Taglang (headlines AT benton DOT org), Grace Tepper (grace AT benton DOT org), and Zoe Walker (zwalker AT benton DOT org) — we welcome your comments.
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