Thursday, August 14, 2025
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Many U.S. Tribal Nations Still Lack Access to Adequate Fixed and Mobile Connectivity
States want more fiber for BEAD but eligible locations plummet
Digital Equity

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Digital Equity

U.S. Tribal Nations experience some of the biggest gaps when it comes to access to fast and reliable fixed and mobile connectivity. While progress has been made in some Tribal Nations, the connectivity gap for many remains quite large. According to the Federal Communications Commission’s 2024 data, approximately 23 percent of residents of Tribal Nations lack access to high-speed internet service, defined as 100 Mbps download speed and 20 Mbps upload speed. Using Ookla Speedtest data, we analyzed the fixed and mobile broadband performance of 110 Tribal Nations in the U.S. from Q1 2021 to Q1 2025 and compared them with the connectivity speeds of the states that share geography with them. The results are quite surprising. Of the 110 Tribal Nations we analyzed, 74.5 percent had median download speeds below the median download speeds of the states where they share geographies. However, there were 19 Tribal Nations that had median download speeds greater than 300 Mbps and 18 of those communities have median download speeds faster than the state where they share geographies.

Fiber still seems to be the gameplan for states re-evaluating their buildout strategies for the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment program. But initial bidding results are a mixed bag as fewer eligible locations are on the table. Louisiana and Virginia unveiled revised final proposals reflecting the results of the “Benefit of the Bargain” round, where the National Telecommunications and Information Adminstration required states to conduct an additional bidding round to ensure the lowest-cost broadband option. Nevertheless, the duo indicated the bulk of their BEAD funds will still go to fiber providers. Virginia noted 81 percent of its roughly 130,000 BEAD eligible locations will be served by fiber, 10 percent will be covered by low-earth orbit satellite, while cable and fixed wireless access providers will serve the remaining locations. Louisiana is in a similar boat, as it plans to bring fiber to 80 percent of approximately 127,000 broadband-serviceable BEAD locations. That’s only slightly down from the state’s initial goal of covering 95 percent of areas with fiber. SpaceX’s Starlink notably scored $7.7 million for over 10,000 locations but received less funding than wireline providers like AT&T and Comcast.

In July 2025, the White House released Winning the Race, America’s AI Plan, that described the administration’s view of the role that government will have in the future of Artificial Intelligence. Under the section titled Recommended Policy Actions, the White House envisions the following role for the Federal Communications Commission: "Led by the Federal Communications Commission, evaluate whether state AI regulations interfere with the agency’s ability to carry out its obligations and authorities under the Communications Act of 1934." I’ve been thinking about this directive since the report was released, trying to envision exactly what it means, particularly the reference to the Communications Act of 1934. Subsequent to the announced AI plan, the Administration announced that the FCC is also being tasked to review State regulation of AI, and Chairman Brendan Carr announced on July 24 that it’s possible the FCC would preempt state AI regulations. This announcement perplexes me, because I can’t think of any authority that would allow the FCC to preempt State AI regulations.
Benton (www.benton.org) provides the only free, reliable, and non-partisan daily digest that curates and distributes news related to universal broadband, while connecting communications, democracy, and public interest issues. Posted Monday through Friday, this service provides updates on important industry developments, policy issues, and other related news events. While the summaries are factually accurate, their sometimes informal tone may not always represent the tone of the original articles. Headlines are compiled by Kevin Taglang (headlines AT benton DOT org), Grace Tepper (grace AT benton DOT org), and Zoe Walker (zwalker AT benton DOT org) — we welcome your comments.
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