Thursday, May 13, 2021
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How the FCC Will Help Schools and Libraries Bridge the Digital Divide
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Boosting Broadband Adoption and Remote K–12 Education in Low-Income Households
In President Biden’s broadband plan, cable is in for the fight of its life
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Digital Inclusion

This week, the Federal Communications Commission adopted rules for the Emergency Connectivity Fund Program, providing $7.171 billion for schools and libraries for the purchase of connected devices and broadband connections for use by students, school staff, and library patrons at locations other than a school or library. Notably, the Emergency Connectivity Fund Program is separate from the E-Rate Program, which, since its creation in the Telecommunications Act of 1996, has provided funding for broadband services delivered to and within schools and libraries. In the interest of efficiency and simplicity, however, the goals and measures, rules, and processes for the Emergency Connectivity Fund Program leverage the FCC's experience administrating the E-Rate Program.
The support provided through the Emergency Connectivity Fund Program will first allow eligible schools and libraries to seek funding for upcoming purchases of eligible equipment, including Wi-Fi hotspots, modems, routers, and connected devices, as well as advanced telecommunications and information services, to meet the remote learning needs of students, school staff, and library patrons who would otherwise lack access to connected devices and broadband connections sufficient to engage in remote learning during the upcoming school year. If additional funding remains available after the provision of support to eligible schools and libraries for future purchases of eligible equipment and services, the FCC will provide schools and libraries an opportunity to apply for reimbursement of the reasonable costs they have already incurred in purchasing eligible equipment and services to meet the unmet needs of their students, school staff, and library patrons who otherwise lacked access to equipment or internet access services sufficient to engage in remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The federal government is rolling out record amounts of broadband funding. It could be just the beginning

The new broadband affordability programs [the Emergency Broadband Benefit Program and the Emergency Connectivity Fund] are just temporary — and advocates say lawmakers need to develop a long-term program that will ensure low-income Americans can afford the Internet. “We’re not going back to 2019,” said Benton Senior Fellow and Public Advocate Gigi Sohn. “The digital divide doesn’t end when the pandemic ends. We’re going to be living from now on in a hybrid world.” “The pandemic has solidified a consensus, a bipartisan consensus, about the importance of broadband,” said Benton Senior Counselor Andrew Jay Schwartzman. Schwartzman said the temporary programs could serve as a “test case” as the White House and lawmakers weigh more long-term solutions to ensure Americans can afford Internet access. “This is a sets a path for how we can in the future the digital divide address the inequities in coverage,” he said.
The Federal Communications Commission's handling of the new broadband benefit is being closely watched amid the broader debate. Sohn says the program will be successful if the money runs out, because it will show the agency has been effective in publicizing the program to needy people. However, it could be a challenge to reach out to people who aren't online. She said there needs to be investment in TV and radio ads, as well as in local and foreign-language newspapers. “Where rubber hits road is making sure people in affected communities know this program exists and how to apply for it,” Sohn said. “You can’t do that online, you have to do that in the media that people read and people watch.”

This report identifies solutions and best practices to accelerate internet adoption through sponsored-service programs. These recommendations are critical to achieving educational equity and minimizing the risks of the digital divide—including income loss and economic exclusion—for the duration of the pandemic and beyond. As the government pursues additional education and low-income-support programs, the lessons from sponsored-service programs are applicable more broadly. Importantly, the lessons can inform the effective outreach for those programs and their implementation. The research found four factors that hinder enrollment in sponsored-service programs and limit internet adoption: low program awareness, a lack of clarity about the offerings and processes, a lack of trust in the available services, and structural limitations.

Comcast, Charter, AT&T and their respective industry associations have spent years beating back municipal broadband networks in states across the country, lobbying for laws that prohibit such networks and arguing that government-funded broadband puts the thumb on the scale of competition. With the President Joe Biden infrastructure plan and its potentially $100 billion in federal funding on the line, the last thing the cable lobby wants is to see those restrictions lifted and funding diverted to cities, not their own coffers. Not only that, but the Biden plan calls for funding "future-proof" networks, which, roughly translated from government-speak, means fiber, not cable. "Cable is treating [this plan] like hair on fire," said Benton Senior Fellow and Public Advocate Gigi Sohn.
Across the country, advocates for locally-owned broadband — a loosely affiliated network of fiber providers, digital equity nonprofits, labor unions, churches, educators and municipalities — are girding for battle. Enabling municipalities and local communities to build their own networks, they argue, removes the profit incentives that cable giants have, driving down costs and leading to reinvestment in the community. The Biden plan, they say, is an opportunity unlike any they've seen before to put that idea into practice nationwide. "This is a moment where we just have to get more active than we've ever been," said Greta Byrum, director of nonprofit Community Tech NY.
Benton (www.benton.org) provides the only free, reliable, and non-partisan daily digest that curates and distributes news related to universal broadband, while connecting communications, democracy, and public interest issues. Posted Monday through Friday, this service provides updates on important industry developments, policy issues, and other related news events. While the summaries are factually accurate, their sometimes informal tone may not always represent the tone of the original articles. Headlines are compiled by Kevin Taglang (headlines AT benton DOT org) and Robbie McBeath (rmcbeath AT benton DOT org) — we welcome your comments.
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