Jake Varn

States continue to make headway on the implementation of the Broadband Equity, Access and Deployment program, a $42 billion federal initiative to connect all Americans to high-speed internet.

The federal government’s $42 billion Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment program, which aims to expand high-speed internet access nationwide, dominated broadband policy headlines in 2025. But state legislatures were also active in their efforts to bridge the digital divide.

The Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment Program is a $42.5 billion federal effort to expand affordable, high-speed internet access throughout the United States by funding the planning and building of broadband infrastructure projects, as well as programs that help people get online. The BEAD program was created as part of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021. Since then, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration has approved the initial BEAD plans of all 50 states, Washington, D.C., and five U.S. territories.

Increasing broadband deployment has been a critical component of the United States’ response to the COVID-19 pandemic and a central aspect of the recent wave of funding aimed at modernizing the country’s infrastructure. However, achieving the goal of those federal commitments will require a new degree of public and private sector collaboration, and one issue in particular is causing a disproportionate amount of uncertainty: the attaching of lines for broadband to utility poles. To better understand pole attachment challenges and begin to identify possible policy solutions, The Pew Charitabl

As states begin rolling out the federal program to expand high-speed broadband access, national policymakers need to keep the momentum going after three years of state-led outreach and planning with internet service providers (ISPs) and communities.

There is wide range of speculation on how the outcome of the election will change the National Telecommunications and Information Administration’s (NTIA) $42 billion Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) program to deploy high-speed internet networks to every unserved location in the country.

Funding for the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) lapsed in May 2024, ending a monthly subsidy that 23 million households nationwide had been using to afford high-speed internet connections. The program’s lapse means many rural, low-income, and other vulnerable households are losing access to internet connections.

Since Congress established the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) program, the media, government officials, and the public want to know how much funding will be available, which technologies will be deployed, and how the program will be administered. Often lost in the shuffle, however, are important steps Congress took to address long-standing challenges to equitable broadband access to ensure that funds received by state broadband offices are used to advance the BEAD program’s goals.

As policymakers in the nation’s states and territories explore how best to spend billions of dollars in federal infrastructure money intended to expand access to broadband, a key focus has been on how to avoid a host of potential obstacles that can impede or thwart their progress. Critically, stakeholders in a majority of states repeatedly raised the same key issues.

Before implementing their BEAD programs, every state and territory broadband office will have one last chance to update the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) new broadband availability maps by running their own challenge process. This will be the final step in determining which areas are eligible for a BEAD-funded project.